EU Research on Earth system science

Earth system science studies our planet as an interconnected system, encompassing the atmosphere, oceans, land, cryosphere and biosphere together with the human influence. It explores the dynamics, feedbacks and interactions that shape weather and climate including ocean and atmospheric circulation, melting ice-sheets, greenhouse gas effects and potential climate tipping points.

Through Horizon Europe projects, scientists combine evidence from past climates, modern observations and advanced computer models to improve climate predictions, assess risks and reduce uncertainty. This research underpins European Union’s strategies for climate neutrality and resilience as set out in the European Climate Law and the European Green Deal.

Earth system science is integral to the European Union's research agenda, contributing to the 35% of Horizon Europe’s budget for climate action. Its results feed into the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) assessments and provide the data, tools and actionable knowledge Europe needs to strengthen climate change mitigation, resilience and long-term prosperity.